It’s December 16th. This day in 1860, Union General Ulysses Grant issued Order Number 11, which expelled Jews from Tennessee, Mississippi, and Kentucky. Grant was trying to cut down on illegal trading in the region, and based his policy on an Semitic stereotype about Jewish merchants.

Jody, Niki, and Kellie discuss Grant’s order, anti-Semitism in the United States, and the was in which Grants relationship with Jewish community evolved over the years.

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Our team: Jacob Feldman, Researcher/Producer; Brittani Brown, Producer; Khawla Nakua, Transcripts; music by Teen Daze and Blue Dot Sessions; Julie Shapiro, Executive Producer at Radiotopia

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