Urban trees have a substantially shortened life span due to a number of problems, not the least of which is limited access to uncompacted, aerated, fertile soil. The average 4’ X 4’ X 4’ tree pit has less than one tenth the rooting volume needed. L. Peter MacDonagh of Kestrel Design Group, discusses examples of minimum soil volume policies that give arborists the leverage they need to provide trees with adequate useable soil volume. (A,U,M,T,L,Bm)
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