Marc Chagall (born Moishe Shagal, 1887-1985) was a prominent Russian-French modern artist whose life spanned nearly a century of dramatic historical change. Originating from a Hasidic Jewish community near Vitebsk, Russian Empire (now Belarus), Chagall pursued art studies in St. Petersburg before immersing himself in the Paris art scene from 1911-1914. There, he absorbed influences from Cubism and Fauvism, blending them with his unique heritage of Russian folklore and personal memories to forge his signature dreamlike style. Trapped in Russia by World War I, he married his muse, Bella Rosenfeld, and briefly served as Commissar of Arts in Vitebsk after the Revolution. Chagall later returned to Paris, only to flee Nazi persecution during World War II, finding refuge in the United States where Bella tragically died. Returning to France after the war, he married Valentina "Vava" Brodsky and embarked on a prolific late career, expanding into ceramics, sculpture, and notably, magnificent stained glass works, continuing to create until his death at 97.
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