Alex Epstein interviews Matt Ridley on the topic of “how energy innovation works.” Drawing from Ridley’s new book, “How Innovation Works,” they discuss: -Why Ridley considers “the conversion of heat to work” to be perhaps the most important innovation. -The true story of innovation in fracking and why the conventional narrative about it being a government-led innovation is false. -Why there’s so little innovation in nuclear–and what to do about it. -Why freedom is crucial to innovation.